Case Studies
Achieving Super Low Deep Sleep Current with Adafruit Feather ESP32-S3 with I2C Enabled
The Adafruit Feather ESP32-S3 is a little powerhouse of a module. It has a neopixel, LiPo charger and monitor, your ESP32 reset and boot buttons, and a nice little isolated I2C power line with a Stemma QT connector. I recently implemented a deep sleep program with the ULP co-processor (see also, Using the ESP32-S3 ULP […]
Micro-SD Card Low Power Showdown – Part II
In 2020, I worked with an intern to characterize SD power characteristics (view the archive). As my colleagues and I embark on a mass deployment of new devices in 2025, it is time to revisit the perennial question: what SD card is best? Specifically, what SD card has the lowest current draw in an Arduino-based, […]
Using Hublink.cloud to Wirelessly Transfer FED3 Data
Learn how Hublink.cloud addresses challenges in wirelessly transferring SD card data from FED3 devices used in behavioral neuroscience experiments.
Using the ESP32-S3 ULP Coprocessor with the Arduino IDE
The ESP32 devices’ Ultra-Low-Power (ULP) coprocessor enables access to peripherals such as RTC GPIO, RTC I2C, SAR ADC, or temperature sensors (TSENS).
How to Measure Electrode Impedance on the Bench
Impedance is the opposition to electrical current in a circuit, and in brain electrodes, it matters because high impedance can reduce signal quality, leading to poor detection of neural activity or inefficient stimulation delivery.
An Unofficial FED Cleaning Protocol
FED failures can be traced to IR sensor and circuit board issues, which can be remediated with an isopropyl wash.
At-a-distance Liquid Measurement Sensor for Tracking Sub-mL Consumption
Here, we present a tube-based magnet float and enclosed magnetic sensor array to determine and record sub-milliliter liquid intake every 10s called “Tubetrode”.
A Leak-proof Countermeasure for 3D-printed Vessels Under Pressure
We aimed to determine if a spray coating could mitigate leaking. Furthermore, if deployed as a submersible/vessel, could our parts withstand acute exposure to external pressure (e.g., up to 80 meters)?